Defense for serious state and federal charges.

An indictment means a grand jury found enough evidence for your case to move forward, usually a felony or a federal charge. For a federal felony, the Constitution requires a grand jury to indict (Fifth Amendment). It is a formal accusation, not a finding of guilt, and you keep every right to fight it. If you have been indicted, or you think you soon will be, that is the moment to have a lawyer.

Wire fraud is using electronic communication, such as email, a phone call, or a bank transfer, to carry out a scheme to obtain money or property by deception (18 U.S.C. § 1343). It is a federal charge, and prosecutors read it broadly, with each communication counted as its own offense. The exposure adds up fast, so an early defense matters.

A grand jury subpoena is a formal demand to testify or hand over documents in a criminal investigation. Getting one does not always mean you are the target, but what you say or produce can be used, so talk to a lawyer before you respond. We help witnesses and subjects understand their exposure and protect their rights.

In New York, under the Sex Offender Registration Act, a Level 1 registrant can petition to come off the registry after a set period, and some people can ask the court to lower their risk level. It is not automatic, and the judge weighs several factors, so the petition has to be built carefully. We can tell you whether relief is realistic in your situation.

A guilty plea usually gives up most of your right to appeal, but not all of it. If the plea was not knowing and voluntary, if the sentence was illegal, or if your prior lawyer was ineffective, a path may still exist. We read the full record and tell you honestly whether an appeal or a motion to vacate is worth filing.

A conspiracy charge means the government claims you agreed with at least one other person to commit a crime, even if it was never carried out. Federal conspiracy is often charged under 18 U.S.C. § 371, and you can be held responsible for what others in the alleged agreement did. The defense often turns on whether a real agreement existed and what you actually knew.

Arraignment usually follows an indictment quickly, often within days, and it is where you appear, hear the charges, enter a plea, and bail is set. It moves fast, so the time to prepare is before you walk in. Having a lawyer at arraignment can shape both bail and the direction of the case.

A superseding indictment is a revised set of charges that replaces the original one, often adding counts, defendants, or new allegations. It is common in federal cases as the investigation develops. It can change your exposure a great deal, so the defense has to adjust quickly.